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Human Nature - Literature Essay Samples

Human nature is the term used to refer to that conventionally accepted as what is uniquely and distinctly human. While few deny that such a quality exists, the origins and extent of this quality have yet to be conclusively defined. The following essay will explain the relationship between two opposing arguments delving into this subject, examining both: J.S. Mill’s notion regarding the necessity of individuality, as presented in On Liberty, and; E.O. Wilson’s theory that genes are the foundational basis of all human actions, culminating in his notion of evolutionary ethics, as seen in Consilience. Ultimately, this essay will argue the thesis that the notions of Mill and Wilson contradict each other, by: examining the ideas of both authors; illustrating the dichotomy their comparison creates, and; providing a comment as to the potential applicability of each. Mill believes individuality to be the basis of human nature, thus implying that without individuality the distinctive characteristics of humans will be lost. His argument rests on the foundational premise that each person has the ability to develop into a unique individual: â€Å"Human nature is not a machine to be built after a model, and set to do exactly the work prescribed for it, but a tree, which requires to grow and develop itself on all sides, according to the tendency of the inward forces which make it a living thing.† (Mill, 56-57) He claims that custom frequently oppresses this individuality and that it can be restrictive to the development of any society, stating that: â€Å"The despotism of custom is everywhere the standing hindrance to human advancement.† (Mill, 67) Mill’s postulations lead him to ultimately assert that: the cultivation of individuality is the best means to produce well developed human beings (Mill, 61); genius -and geniuses- are th e products of fostering and developing individuality (Mill, 62), and; individualism is a prerequisite for the improvement of societies and the general human existence (Mill, 67). Conclusively Mill states that â€Å"it is the privilege and proper condition of a human being, arrived at the maturity of his faculties, to use and interpret experience in his own way.† (Mill, 55) meaning that: unless the individuality of each human -particularly in respect to thought and opinion- is embraced and developed human nature will not be allowed to flourish. Contrastingly, Wilson believes that human nature is a genetically determined phenomenon in which individuality plays no role. He introduces this theory by asserting his alignment with the empiricist view (Wilson, 263), that being: â€Å"[moral guidelines are] contrivances of the mind.† (Wilson, 260). Wilson explains the relevance of this opinion using the following premise: human nature is an essential quality of all humans expressed through the behavior and attitudes of societies, manifesting in morally reasoned ethics (Wilson, 263). This premise, viewed in the context of empiricism, lends itself to the assertion that ethics -the expression of human nature in moral behaviors and standards- are determined by the genetic codes underlying the mind. Wilson develops this idea by claiming that the ethics of any society are dynamic and may change over time (Wilson, 274), this is the essence of his theory of evolutionary ethics. The logic of the theory may be understood such as: (A) each moral attitude is dependent on a genetic predisposition; (B) certain attitudes are more favored and those possessing them are more desirable in reproduction; (C) the genes corresponding to the tendencies of these individuals become more prevalent in the gene pool of the population, and; (D) subsequently the ethics of the population change (Wilson, 274-280). Thus, Wilson theorizes that the expression of human nature is limited by the gene pool of a population at any given time. The contrast between the two ideas is stark; while Mill seemingly assumes infinite possibilities for human nature, should it be allowed to develop and flourish through individuality, Wilson clearly believes that this phenomenon is limited and may change only gradually, in populations as a whole and never solely in individuals. However, some may suggest that the two ideas share the same origin; Mill and Wilson both operate on the premise that human nature is a phenomenon of the human mind. Hence it may be implied that their theories are fundamentally similar and reinforce, rather than contradict, each other. The appropriate response to such an argument is simply to consider the operative definition each author uses when considering ‘the human mind’. Mill considers the mind to be a tool utilized for the act of understanding circumstances and developing opinions, while he accepts that this ‘tool’ is the product of genetic codes –an emergent property- he maintains that the unique influences and experiences that each person faces results in them each possessing a different mind. Wilson however suggests that the mind is a result of the direct translation of any individual’s genetic code thus implying that it will remain unchanging throughout one’s lifetime, any apparent discrepancies simply due to varying circumstances. This, in the context of Wilson’s proposed â€Å"group mind† (Wilson, 268), implies that the human mind is not a unique product and that rather is it a predetermined and predictable result of extremely specific components. Ultimately Mill and Wilson have fundamentally different opinions regarding the quality, expression and potential of human nature. The consequent relationship between their ideas is one of direct contradiction. Having established that the relationship between these two ideas is contradictory, one must seek to examine which -if either- of the two is the most correct in providing insight into the elusive qualities of human nature. This can be done by examining the implications of each idea. Mill’s notion alludes to infinite possibility, opportunities for perpetual growth and the existence of unique opinions. Yet, Wilson’s theory implies few predetermined options for expression, gradual growth or change only over long periods of time and the prevalence of shared opinions. The applicability of these proposed models is admittedly contestable. However, I assert that, in reality, Mill’s notion is of much greater accuracy and relevance. Consider the contrasts between mannerisms and behavior within any social group, for example: those fidgety juxtaposed with those still, those clean with those messy, those introverted with those extroverted. With such diversity in behavior, such opportunity for expression and difference, it cannot be feasibly stated that the inheritance of genes dooms a population to tend towards homogeneity. Moreover, Wilson’s perspective that changes in the moral beliefs of a population -its ethical code- occur only gradually â€Å"across generations† (Wilson, 280) is asserted without consideration of a wide array of examples. One said example being through the technological revolution of the 21st century: in less than a decade a large portion of the ethical codes of most Western countries shifted dramatically and, perhaps, irreversibly; the standards of social conduct are now fundamentally changed, the nature of education and the workplace is transformed in essence as well as in reality and even the concepts of the self and the society are regarded differently. These changes occurred with exponential rapidity and, despite any epigenetic predispositions that individuals have, it is the human mind which has allowed such prog ression in human nature. In a final rebuttal of Wilson’s theory; the claim that a genetic basis for human nature creates a convergence in societal ethics and a subsequent prevalence of a shared opinion is disproven by even the contrasting responses to this theory itself. The fact that certain individuals agree with Wilson whilst others do not -something he himself acknowledges- is evidence of the existence of plurality of opinion and leads one to suppose either: that Wilson’s theory is entirely false, or; that the theory requires adjustment. Hence, with consideration of the above information it can be concluded that, of the two notions presented, Mill’s assertions are most correct. In conclusion: through On Liberty and Consilience, Mill and Wilson, respectively, present notions exploring the qualities and extent of human nature, that which is uniquely and distinctly human. Mill advocates for the nourishment of individuality in order to develop and grow the infinite potential of human nature. While, in contrast, Wilson theorizes about the limits of human nature implied by evolutionary ethics and the genetic basis of humans. This essay highlighted the contradictions between these two arguments by articulating the fundamental difference between these two authors’ understanding of the human mind and further examined the applicability of each notion. The paramount conclusion of this exploration was such that Mill’s notion is, of the two, the most correct as it lends itself to relevant, realistic and favorable application within the reality of the human world. Works CitedMill, John Stuart. On Liberty. Indianapolis: Hackett Publishing Company Inc, 1859. Wilson, Edward O. Consilience. New York: Vintage Books, 1999.

The Accomplishment Of One s Goal - 960 Words

Success is something people want but don’t know how to achieve.Success is the accomplishment of one’s goal. Certain habits however need to be developed in life that help insure success. Many of the three stated as habits to be successful in life are resilience, self- motivation and setting goals. In order to be successful the habits that can be encounter are resilience which turn your greatness into success after a difficult experience, which we need to be self-motivated which helps to embrace the pain that can be a part of the success and allows us to set goals for ourself. Resilience is the key to success that enables people to move through hardship and become better. No one escapes pain, fear and suffering. Yet from pain can come wisdom, from fear can come courage, from suffering can come strength. A lot of people misunderstand It s not about â€Å"bouncing back.† Resilient people do not â€Å"bounce back† from hardship. We cannot â€Å"bounce back† because we cannot go back in time.You will not be the same person after having an difficult situtation. Resilient people are able to integrate hard experiences into their lives in a way that makes them better.Don’t fear failure. Instead redefine it as feedback and as a natural part of a successful life. As Michael Jordan said:â€Å"I’ve missed more than 9000 shots in my career. I’ve lost almost 300 games. 26 times, I’ve been trusted to take the game winning shot and missed. I’ve failed over and over and over again in my life. And that is why IShow M oreRelatedDeveloping a Motivational Plan Essay1192 Words   |  5 Pagesare met and each student has goals that are attainable and can be reached. According to Hersey (2008), Goals should be set high enough that a person has to stretch to reach them but low enough that they can be attained. Goal setting, rewards, both tangible and non-tangible, and a sense of belonging are motivational components that should be included in a motivational plan. The first part of a motivational plan that I would feel essential for my school would be goal setting. At the current schoolRead MoreQualities Of A Successful Leadership Style845 Words   |  4 Pagestaken the opportunity to capture admirable traits from all of these leaders. I have used these traits to mold my leadership philosophy. I will continue to strengthen and refine the leadership behaviors noted in reference (a) utilizing the Coast Guard s Leadership Competencies. The primary traits that form my definition of leadership include many components, but start with pride, passion, character, communication, dedication, integrity, optimism, honesty, and the component that ties them all togetherRead MoreTeam Leader1704 Words   |  7 Pagesresolving issues * Assure that the team members have the necessary education and training to effectively participate on the team * Encourage creativity, risk-taking, and constant improvement * Recognize and celebrate team and team member accomplishments and exceptional performance Focus the team on the tasks at hand or the internal and external customer requirements * Coordinate with internal and external customers as necessary * Familiarize the team with the customer needs, specificationsRead MoreDid That Albert Einstein CouldnT Examine Till He Become1089 Words   |  5 Pageshandicap. The average procedure is typically IQ test, accomplishment test and perusing test. For instance, the individuals who are having perusing inconvenience will first be controlled an IQ test keeping in mind the end goal to quantify their scholarly potential. Kids who are having a perusing issue are given accomplishment test keeping in mind the end goal to test information and abilities. The individuals who score high on the accomplishment test demonstrate dominance of a specific aptitude. HoweverRead MoreEssay on Elizabeth Cady Stantons Fight for Equality 1252 Words   |  6 PagesElizabeth Cady Stanton was not just a mother, daughter, feminist, and writer; but she is the woman who changed the lives of women everywhere by fighting for equality. Stanton lived a normal childhood, but one that motivated her to never give up hope in reaching her goal. A quick background of her life will help better understand why she became such a powerful woman’s rights activist. Also, what she accomplished that changed history and how it still affects us today in 2011. I will also express myRead MoreMy First Goal At Drexel977 Words   |  4 PagesGoal #1: Describe the Goal. My first goal at Drexel would be get on the Dean`s list. Getting on Drexel`s dean list is a goal I have for myself, because I feel like it is a great accomplishment. Not only will it show that the all the hard work I put in was successful, but also make me feel like I can do what I set my mind too. Why is it important to you? This goal is important to me, because not only will it look good, but it will help prove to myself that the goals I set are realistic and attainableRead MoreThe Top Five Personal Values845 Words   |  4 Pagesfive personal values I consider most important are love, freedom, family security, equality, and recognition. These values all share the theme that they involve other people consider other people s thoughts. The bottom five values I consider to be the least important are having a sense of accomplishment, union with God, pleasure, achievement, and dollar reward. These values appear to be more individualistic values. The bottom 5 values are still important in life, however, they personally appear toRead MoreQualities Of A Successful Leadership Style850 Words   |  4 Pagestaken the opportunity to capture admirable traits from all of these leaders. I have used these traits to mold my leadership philosophy. I will continue to strengthen and refine the leadership behaviors noted in reference (a) utilizing the Coast Guard s Leadership Competencies. The primary traits that form my definition of leadership include many components, but start with pride, passion, character, communication, dedication, integrity, optimism, honesty, and the component that ties them all togetherRead MorePerformance Management Plan For Landslide Limousine1413 Words   |  6 Pagesby developing a structured appraisal method based on growth methodologies. This approach puts the business in control with leading best practice focused around reasonable application, exhibited through usage, and constantly refined by the customer s encounters. These recommendations will convey a Performance Management Framework that measures the usage of the organizations method and drives the acknowledgment of quality. This thorough schema addresses critical success factors that address theRead MoreLeader Ship vs Management1148 Words   |  5 Pagesrecent theories and what each one means as well as well as what is it that leaders and managers do, can leaders and managers be one in the same. I will also explain the difference between managers and leaders. Definition The definition for leadership is the action of leading a group of people or an organization. Another common definition for leadership is as a process of social influence in which one person can enlist the aid and support of others in the accomplishment of a common task. Management

The Power of Language Essay examples - 1074 Words

The Power of Language Language plays an important role in communication by bringing people together and enriching their relationships. Language can also alienate those who do not speak it properly, or at all, from those who do. The essays, Mother Tongue, by Amy Tan, best known for her book, The Joy Luck Club, and Se Habla Espanol, by Tanya Barrientos, delve into the many powers that language holds. These essays reflect how by not speaking a language in proper form and by not speaking a language at all, affects the lives of the subjects of the stories. People who can speak a certain language, but only in ‘broken’ form, are generally looked down upon by native language speakers. In her writing, Mother Tongue, Amy Tan writes about her†¦show more content†¦However, many Hispanic families were and in some cases, still are viewed as lower-class citizens. According to Barrientos, â€Å"To me, speaking Spanish translated into being poor. It meant waiting tables and cleaning hotel rooms. It meant being left off the cheerleading squad and receiving a condescending smile from the guidance counselor when you said you planned on becoming a lawyer or a doctor† (561). They are not respected in a lot of communities, they live dirty, and they have bad jobs. These stereotypes are reasons why Barrientos did not want to be called Mexican and never wanted to learn Spanish. If diversity had been celebrated when Barrientos was a child, as it is celebrated and honored now, she would have grown up speaking Spanish and being pr oud of her heritage. Children are very impressionable and tend to take on others’ opinions as their own, but as they grow older, they develop a greater understanding and perspective of the way things are and the way they should be. As adults, both Tan and Barrientos learned to accept and embrace the languages that previously embarrassed them. Barrientos immersed herself in her Mexican heritage and enrolled in many Spanish classes. With each enrollment, she faced yet another stereotype that came with being of Mexican ethnicity; her instructors thought she should already know Spanish since she was Latina. Barrientos is now determined to learn her native language. Tan has learned to love the way inShow MoreRelatedLanguage : The Power Of Language1575 Words   |  7 PagesThe Power Of Language What is the meaning of language? How big the role of language in your life? Have you ever realize the impact of language in your life? In my opinion, language is not as simple as people seen in general. Usually the way people see language just as a tool for communicating with others. For me, behind the general usage of language, it also has a big role in our life because a language has the power to stand and show each person’s identity. Inside the Gloria Anzaldua’s essay â€Å"HowRead MoreThe Power of Language1300 Words   |  6 PagesThe Power of Language Bob Jones 11-19-96 period 3 Mrs. Fox Of all possible human qualities, the one that wields the most power is the ability to use, understand and communicate effectively through language. A proficient use of language allows us to clearly communicate an exact idea from one person to another person or group of people. This precise science of being able to convey exactly what you want equates to the acquisition of power. An important link betweenRead MoreThe Power Of Language1464 Words   |  6 PagesThe Power of Language Language is often defined   as a system of communication, a way for humans to interact with one another. Language itself can hold a great amount of power. It can express one s emotion, show love or hate, and could give meaning. For example an object has no identification unless the power of language is wielded to provide it a name based on its ability and function. Language often has a great influence on culture and religion. This is shown greatly in the cultures of the HebrewsRead MoreThe Power Of Language1931 Words   |  8 PagesNathalie Gregoire Professor Gladstone English 150 The Power Of Language In 1441 a nightmare was rained upon in african. For the first time, the life of slavery breathed on their land. tribes were torn apart and death was seen as the enemy. The europeans took the african people in shackles and forced them on a boat. for days and nights they sat crammed in one spot. dirt became part of their skin and bitterness tainted their hearts. many were hungry due to lack of food and sick due toRead More The Power of Language Essay793 Words   |  4 Pages The Power of Language nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;If I say that I am currently employed with a major petroleum distribution center, you may think that I am a highly qualified person making limitless amounts of money. However, I am using the power of language to merely say that I work at a gas station making minimum wage. Great historical figures throughout history have used the power of language, the ability to use words to their advantage, to inspire people to unite under one common cause andRead MoreEssay on The Power Of Language1283 Words   |  6 Pages The Power of Language nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Of all possible human qualities, the one that wields the most power is the ability to use, understand and communicate effectively through language. A proficient use of language allows us to clearly communicate an exact idea from one person to another person or group of people. This precise science of being able to convey exactly what you want equates to the acquisition of power. An important link between language and power is persuasionRead MorePower Of Language In Lolita816 Words   |  4 Pagescapability to withhold information, exaggerate, belittle, and overall use the power of language to subdue the reader to perceive the story as they see fit. Once the reader begins the story under a characters narration, they are submissive to hear the story in which ever way the narrator wishes to provide the events. Lolita is narrated by the unlawful pedophile himself- Humbert Humbert- who constantly uses the power of language, which allows him to trick the reader to succumb to his wanted perceptionRead MoreEnglish AS Language Essay - Language and Power958 Words   |  4 Pagesfrom language study, explore how written language is used to assert power Text H is a poster which displays the rules and information to students taking or entering an exam. It also is for the use of the invigilators, to inform them of the rules as well as the candidates. This poster will be shown right across the country to students preparing to take an exam. This is done to make sure there is regularity and equality everywhere, so that nowhere has different rules. The text asserts power usingRead MorePower Of Language Essay1390 Words   |  6 Pageslife and joy. Language is a very powerful tool used by everyone. Our language and the words we use every day have power to change lives and our world. Language is defined as a â€Å"method of communication, either spoken or written, consisting of the use of words in a structured or conventional way (Google Dictionary).† Whether structured papers or rambling thoughts, everything we think has power because of language. Looking through the history and rules of language, we can see how language can change,Read MoreThe Power And Ethics Of Language1748 Words   |  7 PagesThe Power and Ethics of Language It was April 2010. David Cameron and Gordon Brown were the political frontrunners of Great Britain. However, that realization was irrelevant with what was about to happen. Everyone was watching as the highly-anticipated, first televised debates in the United Kingdom began. The discourse ended after several hours, and a new candidate quickly emerged as the leader. His name was Nick Clegg. He led the Liberal Democrats, the smallest party. One might think about it over

Kite runner role of women free essay sample

Jamila Taheri is Soraya’s mother and the General Taheri’s wife. She lived in Afghanistan, where she married then powerful General Taheri and her family had to emigrate to the USA just before the change of regimes when the Soviet army invaded Afganistan. She is a mature person, her personality was defined by Afghan traditions, values, culture. In the USA she is exposed to different culture and society traditions. Although the space given to Jamila in the book is modest, but her role as a character is very important because she was basically the one that allowed Amir and her daughter Soraya to converse and later conveyed her admiration for Amir to her husband the General Taheri. Jamila plays the role of a typical Afgan wife and mother, she obeys her husband without a question and wants nothing more than to see her daughter married. She is a loving mother but also a women of a sensitive, subtle and creative nature. We will write a custom essay sample on Kite runner: role of women or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Jamila’s relationship with her husband is unloving. The General made her think that she was not worthy or good enough. It seems that the General Taheri has the power over her. They sleep in separate rooms, and have done for as long as Soraya can remember. The fact that Jamila was a promising singer and had to give up a singer’s career after marring a conservative, dominating man I read as a symbol that she â€Å"lost her singing, voice† and she has no voice (no say) in the family dominated by her husband. The writer shows this in a very subtle (and painful) way, Amir finds out that Jamila is an amazing singer, but the General refuses to let her sing in public. She wanted to sing at the wedding, only one song, however she was not allowed to. On the other hand Jamila is a strong person who managed not to lose her values, i. e her personality. She is open minded and has a strong feeling of what is justice, who accepts people by their values not the social ranking. She is also tolerant, capable of forgiving mistakes and accept people as they are, differently from her husband. When Amir adopted Sohrab, Hassan’s son, she stood for her opinion against General’s opinion. The General did not like Amir’s decision to bring the Hazara boy into the family because of social ranking. Jamila understands Soraya and supports her wish to become a teacher which is she passionate about, differently from the General Taheri (father) who wants her daughter to have a prestigious occupation of a lawyer. It is Jamila who pursues the General Taheri to accept Amir into the family. The General did not like Amir because of his not â€Å"serious† occupation – his love to write books. Jamila became the bridge for Amir and Soraya allowing them to talk without people gossiping. As if her (Jamilas) presence legitimized whaterver was happening between us- though certainly not to the same degree that the generals would have. Khanum Teheris (Jamila’s) chaperoning made our meetings, if not gossip-proof, then less gossip-worthy, even if her borderline fawning on me clearly embarrassed Soraya. (150). In my opinion, it is very symbolic that half of Jamila’s face is paralyzed. After Soraya ran away with an Afghan boyfriend, Jamila had a stroke and got the right side of her face paralyzed. To my mind, her paralyzed side of the face symbolises her relationship with the past, her husband, the Afgan conservative traditions, suppression of her creative nature. Her other side of the face is alive and symbolises her soul, her values, open – mindedness, her loving heart for Soraya (of course), for Amir. It was her redemption first of all when Soraya and Amir met and married. Before that Jamila was repressed by her past, relationship with her the General Taheri. As a loving Afgan mother Jamila wanted her daughter to be happily married and living with Amir, what is more, her open-heartedness redempted Amir as well , having Sohrab, the son of his half-brother live together with them.

The Assistant free essay sample

An examination of Bernard Malamuds book The Assistant with special reference to the lead characters. Endurance and suffering are main themes as projected through the two lead characters in Bernard Malamuds The Assistant, a heartwarming mentor-student story set in early 20th century Brooklyn. The writer shows how Malamud threads a theme of suffering in order to attain a higher moral stature throughout the novel. It is set against the backdrop of the Depression era and it tells of a Jewish grocery-store owner and his Italian assistant. The relationship between these two characters is the focus of the paper. As is the case with many of his stories, The Assistant, By Bernard Malamud, tells the story of a simple man trying to make his life better through a struggle against bad luck. Through his characterizations in The Assistant, Malamud makes his themes of endurance and suffering. Malamud, perhaps best known for The Natural, which turned into a 1980s film starring Robert Redford, takes a turn at writing about those not in the limelight this time. We will write a custom essay sample on The Assistant or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page

The Complete Story What Does SAT Stand For Plus Fun Questions

The Complete Story What Does SAT Stand For Plus Fun Questions SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips The SAT was first introduced in 1926, and since then it has continued to be a major test for college admissions standardized testing. But what does SAT actually stand for? The answer gets quite complicated. The name of the test has actually changed 2 times over the past 90 years. The reasons point to controversies and scandals about the test that continue to change how the test is perceived by colleges. Continue reading to find more about the history of the SAT and the reasoning behind the name. The Very Beginning: 1899 The College Board (formerly, the College Entrance Examination Board) was organized at Columbia University on December 22, 1899. The board consisted of 12 universities and 3 private high schools, including well-known schools like Columbia, Princeton, and Cornell. The goal of this board was to agree on a set of standards that should be taught in high school, and to create a test that could figure out how well students were prepared in these subjects. Before this point, there really was no reliable way to compare students to each other on a national level. Students from different schools would have different grades and different teachers, and it would be hard for a college to reliably compare students to each other. The College Board aimed to solve this problem. Fun fact: these were the subjects that were important to the board at the time: Botany, Chemistry, English, French, German, Greek, History, Latin, Mathematics, Physics, Zoology. Looks like since a century ago, Botany and Zoology have been merged into Biology, and Greek and Latin are clearly no longer popular languages! The very first test given by the College Board was in 1901, but this was a prototype essay test. They retooled the test for a while, and then came out with the very first SAT: 1926: The Scholastic Aptitude Test The SAT began life as an acronym: the Scholastic Aptitude Test. To be precise about what this name means, let's define the words: Scholastic: "of or concerning schools and education; academic" Fair enough - this test relates to the student's education. Aptitude: "a natural ability to do something; talent" Whoa, wait a second. "Natural ability" and "talent" implies a quality that you're born with and don't have the ability to change. Aptitude implies that some people are born good at certain things, others aren't so lucky, and that's how they'll stay for the rest of life. Yes, that's right - the SAT was originally designed to be more like an IQ test. The suggestion was that people with higher IQs were more likely to succeed in college and in life. Importantly, the College Board believed that you couldn't score higher on the test by preparing. The questions on the test were specifically designed NOT to test things that you had already learned in school. That's what lies behind the loaded term "aptitude." This also explains part of why the SAT is such a weird test and tests questions that you've never seen before in school. Even now, over 100 years since the College Board was founded, high school students are still feeling the legacy of the test. For Fun: What was tested on the 1926 SAT? It looks very different from the SAT we're used to. Verbal skills tested included Definitions, Antonyms, and Analogies, while math questions included Number Series and Logical Inference. Just for fun, try a few sample questions from the 1926 SAT: Despite its flaws, the introduction of the SAT was actually a huge game-changer for high school students. In the past, elite college would select from high schools that they knew well - often serving wealthy, white families. Now there was a way to compare students across the country to each other and identify promising students that didn't fit the traditional student mold. More and more schools starting requiring the SAT as part of their admissions. But remember how this was meant to be an "aptitude" test? People started noticing problems with the idea that this test studied aptitude. First, test prep companies began showing that they could improve test scores through dedicated prep. This still holds true for today's SAT prep programs. This means that the test doesn't test purely innate ability - you CAN learn to get better on this test. Second, ideas around education began changing.Where once people thought academic ability had to do with innate ability, we now know it has a lot to do with environmental factors and individual character. With all this controversy, the College Board decided to change the test name: 1993: Scholastic Assessment Test Facing pressure behind the "aptitude" part of SAT, the College Board renames the test to the Scholastic Assessment Test. Specifically, what we know as the SAT was called the SAT I: Reasoning Test. The subject tests were called SAT II: Subject Tests. This shift was response to the faulty idea that preparation for these tests would not improve score. By now, it was clear that test prep could improve SAT scores, and suggesting otherwise was misleading. At this point, the College Board decided that the SAT should better assess student growth in "high school curricula" and test the skills used in college and career work. But wait - doesn't "assessment" also mean "test?" So this would be like calling the SAT the Scholastic Test Test. Partly for this reason and for others, the College Board decided to issue a new statement: 1997: SAT No Longer Means Anything That's right. The SAT currently is not supposed to stand for anything anymore. Here's an official comment by the College Board: "The SAT has become the trademark; it doesn't stand for anything," said Scott Jeffe, a spokesman for the College Board in New York. ''The SAT is the SAT, and that's all it is." You might know that the fried chicken chain KFC used to stand for "Kentucky Fried Chicken." Now KFC, like the SAT, no longer stands for anything. Why keep the SAT name at all, if it doesn't mean anything?By that point, millions of students were taking the SAT. Changing the name - say, to the ART, or "Academic Reasoning Test" - would be confusing for students, parents, and colleges. So what does SAT stand for? Now you know - the SAT no longer stands for anything. It escaped the original problems by calling it an "aptitude" test, and now avoids the redundancy in "assessment test." It's still trying to reinvent itself to become a better test. Now the SAT is just the SAT. What's Next? What's a good SAT score for you? Read this guide to find out. How do you get a perfect SAT score? I wrote a detailed guide here. We also wrote a popular free guide to the top 5 tips to improve your SAT score by 160 points or more: